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hbr0150
Veg Inventory WS6 2012
Forest Inventory of a Northern Hardwood Forest: Watershed 6, 2012, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
John J.
Battles
University of California,
Berkeley
Environmental Science, Policy, and Management
137 Mulford Hall
Berkeley
CA
94720-3114
USA
(510) 643-0684
Chris
Johnson
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Syracuse University
151 Link Hall
Syracuse
NY
13244
USA
Steven
Hamburg
Environmental Defense Fund
18 Tremont Street, Suite 850
Boston
MA
02108
USA
Tim
Fahey
Department of Natural Resources, Cornell
University
104A Bruckner Hall
Ithaca
NY
14853
USA
Charles
Driscoll
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Syracuse University
151 Link Hall
Syracuse
NY
13244
USA
Gene
Likens
Institute of Ecosystem Studies
Box AB
Millbrook
NY
12545
USA
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
LTER
234 Mirror Lake Road
North Woodstock
NH
03262
USA
(603) 726-8902
http://www.hubbardbrook.org
Natalie
van Doorn
associated researcher
2016
Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1965, repeated in 1977, and repeated at 5 year intervals after that; this data set was collected in summer of 2012. The inventory consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) on the whole of the watershed (13.23 ha), as measured in each of the 208 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees >=2 to <=10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot. With the addition of tree tags in 2002 on all trees >=10 cm dbh, tracking of individual trees is now possible.
biomass
diameter breast height
forests
HBEF Watershed 6
HBR
Hubbard Brook LTER
inventory
trees
vegetation
watersheds
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study
LTER
primary production
LTER Core Research Areas
Data Use Policy
The re-use of scientific data has the
potential to greatly increase communication,
collaboration and synthesis within and among
disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and
encouraged. Permission to use this dataset is
granted to the Data User free of charge subject
to the following terms:
1) Acceptable use. Use of the dataset will be
restricted to academic, research, government or
other not-for-profit professional
purposes.
2) Redistribution. The data and metadata are
provided for use by the Data User. The Data User
will not redistribute the original Data Set or
metadata to others without the explicit
permission of the Principal Investigator.
3) Citation. It is considered a matter of
professional ethics to acknowledge the work of
other scientists. Thus, the Data User will
properly attribute the Data Set in any
publications or in the metadata of any derived
data products that were produced using the Data
Set. Citation should take the following general
form: Creator, Year of Data Publication, Title
of Dataset, Publisher, Dataset
identifier.
Citation example: Holmes, R.T. 2012. Bird
Abundances at Hubbard Brook (1969-2010) and on
three replicate plots (1986-2000) in the White
Mountain National Forest. Durham, NH. Hubbard
Brook Data Archive [Database].
http://hubbardbrook.org/data/dataset.php?id=81
(23 July 2012)
4) Acknowledgment: The Data User should
acknowledge any institutional support or
specific funding awards referenced in the
metadata accompanying this dataset in any
publications where the Data Set contributed to
its content. Acknowledgments should identify the
supporting party, the party that received the
support, and any identifying information such as
grant numbers.
Acknowledgment example: Data on [topic] were
provided by [name of PI] on [date]. These data
were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook
Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a
collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook
Experimental Forest, which is operated and
maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern
Research Station, Newtown Square, PA.
Significant funding for collection of these data
was provided by [agency]-[grant number],
[agency]-[grant number], etc.
5) Consultation and questions. Data users are
strongly encouraged to consult with the
Principal Investigator(s) who collected these
data for further information. Also, when
appropriate, Data Users should consider
including the Principal Investigator as a
collaborator and/or co-author in the use of
these data.
6) Notification. The Data User will notify the
Principal Investigator of any publication or
derivative work based on the Data Set. The Data
User will also provide the Principal
Investigator and/or the administrator of the
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study with a pdf or two
reprints of any publication(s) resulting from
use of the Data Set.
7) Disclaimer. While substantial efforts are
made to ensure the accuracy of data and
documentation contained in this Data Set,
complete accuracy of data and metadata cannot be
guaranteed. All data and metadata are made
available "as is". The Data User holds all
parties involved in the production or
distribution of the Data Set harmless for
damages resulting from its use or
interpretation.
8) Terms of Agreement. By accepting this Data
Set, the Data User agrees to abide by the terms
of this agreement. The Data Owner shall have the
right to terminate this agreement immediately by
written notice upon the Data User's breach of,
or non-compliance with, any of its terms. The
Data User may be held responsible for any misuse
that is caused or encouraged by the Data User's
failure to abide by the terms of this agreement.
http://www.hubbardbrook.org/data/dataset.php?id=150
Watershed 6 is a 13.23 ha watershed extending from the weir at 560m to the ridge at 790m.
-71.743462
-71.735649
43.957001
43.949928
560
790
meter
2012
2012
Information Manager, Hubbard Brook LTER
234 Mirror Lake Road
North Woodstock
NH
03262
USA
(603) 726-8902
hbr-im@lternet.edu
http://www.hubbardbrook.org
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
LTER
234 Mirror Lake Road
North Woodstock
NH
03262
USA
(603) 726-8902
http://www.hubbardbrook.org
Hubbard Brook LTER
SAMPLING BACKGROUND
The forest was first sampled in 1965. The hydrology has been monitored since 1963. Surveys were initiated in 1965, repeated in 1977, and repeated at 5 year intervals after that. These data were collected in the summer of 2012. The stream water chemistry has been monitored since 1963. The watershed is forested by typical northern hardwood species (sugar maple, beech and yellow birch) on the lower 90% of its area and by a montane boreal transition forest of red spruce, balsam fir and white birch on the highest 10%. Surveying techniques were used in 1965 to install a grid system of 208 grid cells, each 25 x 25 m square. These grid units serve as the plot system. See the following links for more information:
http://hubbardbrook.org/overview/maps/w6_zone_map.shtml
http://hubbardbrook.org/watersheds/w6_grid_elevations.shtml
SAMPLING DESIGN
The inventory consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm dbh on the whole of the watershed (13.23 ha), as measured in each of the 208 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees >=2 to <=10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot (see plot layout). The lengths of these strips are not always exactly 25 meters, due to drift or imprecise replacement of the corner stakes. The actual measured length of the strip is used to calculate the area of the plot (as given in the data) for the smaller trees. For the larger trees, plot area was not adjusted for drift and is assumed to be 625 sq. meters.
DATA DESCRIPTION
The data consist of the diameters (dbh) of all trees >=10 cm dbh, live and dead, in the whole of the watershed (10714 individual stems). Dead trees were recorded as standing dead trees (trees dead but retaining most of their fine branches) and as snags (trees broken off above dbh or with only their major large branches still intact). Live trees were noted "sick" if they had very sparse foliage or yellowing foliage in the mid summer sampling. A subsample of trees >=2 cm dbh and <10cm dbh were measured at the same time (3870 individual stems). All stems that met the size criteria were measured individually, and in some years it was noted whether a stem was part of a group of stems from the same tree (i.e. multiple stems that split from a single trunk below breast height). In 2002, uniquely numbered aluminum tags were nailed to each stem >10 cm dbh to allow for tracking of individual stems from survey to survey.
CALCULATIONS
Aboveground and belowground biomass was estimated for each stem in the inventory and is included in the data. Estimates were based on species-specific allometric equations developed at Hubbard Brook. Phytosociology or biomass summaries can be obtained by using our interactive calculators. Phytosociology summaries include basal area, density and frequency of each species for the watershed as a whole or for smaller units as chosen by the user. Diameter distributions for a specific species can also be selected. Biomass summaries include biomass estimates by plant part for each species for the watershed as a whole or for smaller units as chosen by the user. Options to estimate productivity and total nutrient pools in the vegetation are also available. To access the calculators or for extensive details about how these calculations are made, see link in ADDITIONAL RESOURCES below.
NOTES
For surveys prior to 2002 (when stems where first tagged), it is not possible to compare the data between sampling years on a plot by plot basis, since trees were not individually tagged and plot corners have shifted slightly over time. At the time of the 1977 and 1982 inventories, many of the aluminum rods marking plot corners had come out and were replaced but not resurveyed. Also, trees on the lines between plots can "drift" between plots between years depending on the observers line of sight or decision as to whether the center of the base of a tree is in one plot or the adjoining plot. In 1989 we prepared maps of each plot on which we outlined edge trees and assigned them to one plot or another. These maps have been copied on the backs of the field data collection sheets in the more recent years such that problem trees can be assigned consistently. For extensive notes about the details of these surveys and subsequent calculations, see link in ADDITIONAL RESOURCES below.
With the addition of tree tags in 2002, tracking of individual trees is now possible. Subsequent surveys of tagged trees allow for corrections to be made. For example, it is possible to tag trees that had clearly been missed in the previous survey (trees >19.5 cm dbh as measured in 2012 ā the cutoff was based on observed maximum 5-year increment from tree rings). Another benefit of tagged tree inventories is that it is possible to catch field blunders as defined by extraordinary negative or positive diameter growth. Such examples are coded in the dataset under the variable AnalysisCode, where an āIā signifies that the dbh from that year was interpolated by regression from subsequent survey data. It is not recommended that these trees be used for demographic analyses since the growth has been estimated.
DBH note: Tagged trees <10cm dbh were kept in the inventory as long as they were >10cm at the time of the initial tagging.
Vigor codes 1 and 2 (beech bark disease assessment) are deprecated for 2002 and later data with overall beech health recorded using codes 3 - 6.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Quantifying the forest biomass calculators: http://hubbardbrook.org/w6_tour/biomass-stop/stop-7.htm
Phytosociology calculator: http://hubbardbrook.org/w6_tour/biomass-stop/phytow6.htm
Notes on biomass calculations: http://hubbardbrook.org/w6_tour/biomass-stop/biomassw6-notes.htm
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: forest nutrient
cycling and element behavior
R.H.
Whittaker
G.E.
Likens
F.H.
Bormann
J.S.
Eaton
T.G.
Siccama
1979
english
Ecology
60
1
203-220
The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: forest biomass and
production
whittaker
bormann
likens
siccama
1974
Ecol. Monogr.
44
2
233-254
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: composition and
dynamics of the tree stratum
bormann
siccama
likens
whittaker
1970
Ecol. Monogr.
40
4
373-388
w62012veg
Tree inventory data for Watershed 6, 2012, at the
Hubbard Brook LTER. Data variable names and descriptions have
been updated from those used in pre-2002 data
tables for simplification purposes. The current variables TwoToTen and TwoToTenArea are equivalent to 2-10 and 2-10Area,
respectively. Vigor codes 1 and 2 (beech bark disease assessment) are deprecated for 2002 and later data with overall beech health recorded using codes 3 - 6. A separate variable was added in 2012 to specifically code for stage of Beech bark disease
w62012veg.txt
ASCII
1
\r\n
column
0x2c
http://www.hubbardbrook.org/data/data_policy.php?target=w62012veg.txt
uid=HBR,o=LTER,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org
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The data is physically located at the Battles Laboratory, Environmental Science, Policy,
and Management, University of California, Berkeley and was last updated in July 2013.
Plot
plot number
An integer representing the
plot
Zone
vegetation zone
1
primarily spruce/fir forest on the ridge top - 26 plots
2
high hardwoods - 26 plots
3
slightly lower high hardwoods - 29 plots (can be combined with zone 2)
4
middle elevation hardwoods - 90 plots
5
lower elevation hardwoods - 37 plots
Species
species acronym
ACSA
Sugar maple (Acer
saccharum)
FAGR
American beech (Fagus
grandifolia)
BEAL
Yellow birch (Betula
alleghaniensis)
FRAM
White ash (Fraxinus
americana)
ACSP
Mountain maple (Acer
spicatum)
ACPE
Striped maple or moose wood
(Acer pensylvanicum)
PRPE
Pin or fire cherry (Prunus
pensylvanica)
PRVI
Choke cherry (Prunus
virginiana)
ABBA
Balsam fir (Abies
balsamea)
PIRU
Red spruce (Picea
rubens)
BEPA
White or paper birch (Betula
papyrifera)
SOAM
Mountain ash (Sorbus
americana)
ACRU
Red maple (Acer
rubrum)
TSCA
Eastern hemlock (Tsuga
canadensis)
UNKN
unknown, used for
unidentifiable rotten snags
POTR
Quaking aspen (Populus
tremuloides)
PRSE
Black cherry (Prunus
serotina)
AMSP
Shadbush (Amelanchier
sp.)
POGR
Big-tooth aspen (Populus
grandidentata)
SASP
Willow (Salix
sp.)
COAL
Alternate-leaved dogwood
(Cornus alternifolia)
PRSP
Cherry (unspecified) (Prunus
sp.)
SARA
Red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa)
SppNum
species number
1
Sugar maple (Acer
saccharum)
2
American beech (Fagus
grandifolia)
3
Yellow birch (Betula
alleghaniensis)
4
White ash (Fraxinus
americana)
5
Mountain maple (Acer
spicatum)
6
Striped maple or moose wood
(Acer pensylvanicum)
7
Pin or fire cherry (Prunus
pensylvanica)
8
Choke cherry (Prunus
virginiana)
9
Balsam fir (Abies
balsamea)
10
Red spruce (Picea
rubens)
11
White or paper birch (Betula
papyrifera)
12
Mountain ash (Sorbus
americana)
13
Red maple (Acer
rubrum)
14
Eastern hemlock (Tsuga
canadensis)
15
unknown, used for
unidentifiable rotten snags
16
Quaking aspen (Populus
tremuloides)
17
Black cherry (Prunus
serotina)
18
Shadbush (Amelanchier
sp.)
19
Big-tooth aspen (Populus
grandidentata)
20
Willow (Salix
sp.)
21
Alternate-leaved dogwood
(Cornus alternifolia)
22
Cherry (unspecified) (Prunus
sp.)
23
Red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa)
Seq
Sequence number. Unique number for each
tree.
A positive number representing
the sequence number of an individual
tree
Tag
Tree tag number
A positive number or
number-letter combination representing
an individual tree tag
0
Tree did not have a
tag
Dbh
diameter at breast height, in
cm
centimeter
.1
real
Vigor
vigor code
0
healthy
3
sick (trees with crown in
decline)
4
standing dead
tree
5
standing dead snag (no limbs
left)
6
a downed dead tree including any dead tree that is broken or detached below dbh
AbvBmss
aboveground biomass in kilograms
estimated for each stem
kilogram
.01
real
BlwBmss
belowground biomass in kilograms
estimated for each stem
kilogram
.01
real
TwotoTen
presence (1) or absence (0) of measured
trees in the 2 - 10 cm diameter class for that plot (in
some years, not all plots were
measured)
1
Presence
0
Absence
10Area
Area of plot on which trees >10 cm dbh
were measured (m-2)
meterSquared
1
real
0
Area does not apply to the current
sample
TwotoTenArea
Area of plot on which trees 2-10 cm dbh
were measured (m-2)
meterSquared
1
real
0
Area does not apply to the current
sample
ElevB
New category of elevation zone used for
2002 and later collections
H
High elevation, >710
meters
M
Mid elevation, 630 - 710
meters
L
Low elevation, <630
meters
AnalysisCode
Dbh interpolated from later data; not applicable for this data set at this time
I indicates dbh is interpolated
by regression from later measurements. Not applicable for this dataset at this time
bbd
Beech bark disease (bbd) code
0
No bbd present
1
bbd present on trunk, but did not affect dbh area and measure
2
bbd affected the dbh area and measure, but not severely (usually only at 1-2 points)
3
bbd affected the dbh area and measure severely (on many points/sides)
square meters, used for measurement of
plot area