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hbr0030
Veg Inventory WS6 1977
Forest Inventory of a Northern Hardwood Forest: Watershed 6 1977, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
John J.
Battles
University of California,
Berkeley
Environmental Science, Policy, and Management
137 Mulford Hall
Berkeley
CA
94720-3114
USA
(510) 643-0684
Tim
Fahey
Department of Natural Resources, Cornell
University
104A Bruckner Hall
Ithaca
NY
14853
USA
Natalie
Cleavitt
Department of Natural Resources, Cornell
University
104A Bruckner Hall
Ithaca
NY
14853
USA
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
LTER
234 Mirror Lake Road
North Woodstock
NH
03262
USA
(603) 726-8902
http://www.hubbardbrook.org
Thomas G.
Siccama
Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies
originator
Chuck
Peters
New York Botanical Garden
associated researcher
Gene
Likens
Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
associated researcher
F. H.
Bormann
Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies
associated researcher
2014
Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1965, repeated in 1977, and repeated at 5 year intervals after that; this data set was collected in summer of 1977. The inventory consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) on the whole of the watershed (13.23 ha), as measured in each of the 208 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees >=2 to <=10 cm dbh were not measured in 1977.
biomass
diameter breast height
forests
HBEF Watershed 6
HBR
Hubbard Brook LTER
inventory
trees
vegetation
watersheds
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study
LTER
primary production
LTER Core Research Areas
Data Use Policy
The re-use of scientific data has the
potential to greatly increase communication,
collaboration and synthesis within and among
disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and
encouraged. Permission to use this dataset is
granted to the Data User free of charge subject
to the following terms:
1) Acceptable use. Use of the dataset will be
restricted to academic, research, government or
other not-for-profit professional purposes.
2) Redistribution. The data and metadata are
provided for use by the Data User. The Data User
will not redistribute the original Data Set or
metadata to others without the explicit
permission of the Principal Investigator.
3) Citation. It is considered a matter of
professional ethics to acknowledge the work of
other scientists. Thus, the Data User will
properly attribute the Data Set in any
publications or in the metadata of any derived
data products that were produced using the Data
Set. Citation should take the following general
form: Creator, Year of Data Publication, Title
of Dataset, Publisher, Dataset identifier.
Citation example: Holmes, R.T. 2012. Bird
Abundances at Hubbard Brook (1969-2010) and on
three replicate plots (1986-2000) in the White
Mountain National Forest. Durham, NH. Hubbard
Brook Data Archive [Database].
http://hubbardbrook.org/data/dataset.php?id=81
(23 July 2012)
4) Acknowledgment: The Data User should
acknowledge any institutional support or
specific funding awards referenced in the
metadata accompanying this dataset in any
publications where the Data Set contributed to
its content. Acknowledgments should identify the
supporting party, the party that received the
support, and any identifying information such as
grant numbers.
Acknowledgment example: Data on [topic] were
provided by [name of PI] on [date]. These data
were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook
Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a
collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook
Experimental Forest, which is operated and
maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern
Research Station, Newtown Square, PA.
Significant funding for collection of these data
was provided by [agency]-[grant number],
[agency]-[grant number], etc.
5) Consultation and questions. Data users are
strongly encouraged to consult with the
Principal Investigator(s) who collected these
data for further information. Also, when
appropriate, Data Users should consider
including the Principal Investigator as a
collaborator and/or co-author in the use of
these data.
6) Notification. The Data User will notify
the Principal Investigator of any publication or
derivative work based on the Data Set. The Data
User will also provide the Principal
Investigator and/or the administrator of the
Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study with a pdf or two
reprints of any publication(s) resulting from
use of the Data Set.
7) Disclaimer. While substantial efforts are
made to ensure the accuracy of data and
documentation contained in this Data Set,
complete accuracy of data and metadata cannot be
guaranteed. All data and metadata are made
available "as is". The Data User holds all
parties involved in the production or
distribution of the Data Set harmless for
damages resulting from its use or
interpretation.
8) Terms of Agreement. By accepting this Data
Set, the Data User agrees to abide by the terms
of this agreement. The Data Owner shall have the
right to terminate this agreement immediately by
written notice upon the Data User's breach of,
or non-compliance with, any of its terms. The
Data User may be held responsible for any misuse
that is caused or encouraged by the Data User's
failure to abide by the terms of this agreement.
http://www.hubbardbrook.org/data/dataset.php?id=30
Watershed 6 is a 13.23 ha watershed extending from the weir at 560m to the ridge at 790m.
-71.743462
-71.735649
43.957001
43.949928
560
790
meter
1977
1977
Information Manager, Hubbard Brook LTER
234 Mirror Lake Road
North Woodstock
NH
03262
USA
(603) 726-8902
hbr-im@lternet.edu
http://www.hubbardbrook.org
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
LTER
234 Mirror Lake Road
North Woodstock
NH
03262
USA
(603) 726-8902
http://www.hubbardbrook.org
Hubbard Brook LTER
SAMPLING BACKGROUND
Watershed 6 hydrology and stream water chemistry have been monitored since 1963.
Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1965, repeated
in 1977, and repeated at 5 year intervals after
that. These data were collected in the summer of 1977. The watershed is forested by typical northern
hardwood species (sugar maple, beech and yellow birch) on the lower 90 % of its area and by a montane boreal transition forest of red spruce, balsam fir and white birch on the highest 10%. Surveying techniques were used in 1965 to install a grid system of 208 grid cells, each 25 x 25 m square. These grid units serve as the plot system. See the following links for more information: http://www.hubbardbrook.org/watersheds/maps/w6_zones.htm and http://www.hubbardbrook.org/watersheds/w6_grid_elevations.shtml.
SAMPLING DESIGN
The inventory consists of a total inventory of all trees > 10 cm dbh on the whole of the watershed (13.23 ha), as measured in each of the 208 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees in the >=2 to <=10 cm dbh class were not sampled in 1977.
DATA DESCRIPTION
The data consist of the diameters (dbh) of all the trees >10 cm dbh, live and dead, in the whole of the watershed. (9048 individual trees). Dead trees were recorded as standing dead trees (trees dead but retaining most of their fine branches) and as snags (trees broken off above dbh or with only their major large branches still intact). Live trees were noted "sick" if they had very sparse foliage or yellowing foliage in the mid summer sampling. The presence and effect of beech bark disease was also noted. Diseased beech showed signs of beech bark disease (cankers) but did not otherwise show evidence of crown decline. Diseased beech with crown in decline had both cankers and were showing signs of physiological stress.
All stems that met the size criteria were measured individually, and in some years it was noted whether a stem was part of a group of stems from the same tree (i.e. multiple stems that split from a single trunk below breast height). For W6, whether or not a stem was part of a group was not recorded until 2002.
CALCULATIONS
Aboveground and belowground biomass was estimated for each stem in the inventory and is included in the data. Estimates were based on species-specific allometric equations developed at Hubbard Brook. See "How do we quantify a forest?" for details.
Phytosociology or biomass summaries can be obtained by using our interactive calculators. Phytosociology summaries include basal area, density and frequency of each species for the watershed as a whole or for smaller units as chosen by the user. Diameter distributions for a specific species can also be selected. Biomass summaries include biomass estimates by plant part for each species for the watershed as a whole or for smaller units as chosen by the user. Options to estimate productivity and total nutrient pools in the vegetation are also available. For extensive details about how these calculations are made, see the notes indicated at the bottom of the calculator pages.
NOTES
It is not possible to compare these data between sampling years on a plot by plot basis, since trees are not individually tagged and plot corners have shifted slightly over time. At the time of the 1977 and 1982 inventories, many of the aluminum rods marking plot corners had come out and were replaced but not resurveyed. Also trees on the lines between plots can "drift" between plots between years depending on the observers line of sight or decision as to whether the center of the base of a tree is in one plot or the adjoining plot. In 1989 we prepared maps of each plot on which we outlined edge trees and assigned them to one plot or another. These maps have been copied on the backs of the field data collection sheets in the more recent years such that problem trees can be assigned consistently.
For extensive notes about the details of these surveys and subsequent calculations, see the notes indicated at the bottom of the interactive calculation programs. LInks to calculator pages can be found in the ADDITIONAL RESOURCES section of this document.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
Quantifying the forest biomass calculators: http://hubbardbrook.org/w6_tour/biomass-stop/stop-7.htm
Phytosociology calculator: http://hubbardbrook.org/w6_tour/biomass-stop/phytow6.htm
Notes on biomass calculations: http://hubbardbrook.org/w6_tour/biomass-stop/biomassw6-notes.htm
The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: forest nutrient cycling and element behavior
R.H.
Whittaker
G.E.
Likens
F.H.
Bormann
J.S.
Eaton
T.G.
Siccama
1979
english
Ecology
60
1
203-220
The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: forest biomass and production
whittaker
bormann
likens
siccama
1974
Ecol. Monogr.
44
2
233-254
The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study: composition and dynamics of the tree stratum
bormann
siccama
likens
whittaker
1970
Ecol. Monogr.
40
4
373-388
w6_1977veg
Tree inventory data for Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Watershed 6 1977
w6_1977veg.txt
ASCII
1
0
\r\n
column
0x2c
http://www.hubbardbrook.org/data/data_policy.php?target=w6_1977veg.txt
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The data have not yet been used in a
direct publication. However the estimates of the
nutrient capital in the papers listed in the reference section have been
based on this inventory. The older original
publications explain the setting and summarize the
structure and composition of the forest as it
existed in 1965.
The data is physically located at Pleasant View Farm,
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.
Plot
plot number
An integer representing the plot
Zone
vegetation zone
1
primarily spruce/fir forest on the ridge top - 26 plots
2
high hardwoods - 26 plots
3
slightly lower high hardwoods - 29 plots (can be combined with zone 2)
4
middle elevation hardwoods - 90 plots
5
lower elevation hardwoods - 37 plots
Species
species acronym
ACSA
Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
FAGR
American beech (Fagus grandifolia)
BEAL
Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)
FRAM
White ash (Fraxinus americana)
ACSP
Mountain maple (Acer spicatum)
ACPE
Striped maple or moose wood (Acer pensylvanicum)
PRPE
Pin or fire cherry (Prunus pensylvanica)
PRVI
Choke cherry (Prunus virginiana)
ABBA
Balsam fir (Abies balsamea)
PIRU
Red spruce (Picea rubens)
BEPA
White or paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
SOAM
Mountain ash (Sorbus americana)
ACRU
Red maple (Acer rubrum)
TSCA
Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
UNKN
unknown, used for unidentifiable rotten snags
POTR
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
PRSE
Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
AMSP
Shadbush (Amelanchier sp.)
POGR
Big-tooth aspen (Populus grandidentata)
SASP
Willow (Salix sp.)
COAL
Alternate-leaved dogwood (Cornus alternifolia)
PRSP
Cherry (unspecified) (Prunus sp.)
SppNum
species number
1
Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
2
American beech (Fagus grandifolia)
3
Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)
4
White ash (Fraxinus americana)
5
Mountain maple (Acer spicatum)
6
Striped maple or moose wood (Acer pensylvanicum)
7
Pin or fire cherry (Prunus pensylvanica)
8
Choke cherry (Prunus virginiana)
9
Balsam fir (Abies balsamea)
10
Red spruce (Picea rubens)
11
White or paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
12
Mountain ash (Sorbus americana)
13
Red maple (Acer rubrum)
14
Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
15
unknown, used for unidentifiable rotten snags
16
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
17
Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
18
Shadbush (Amelanchier sp.)
19
Big-tooth aspen (Populus grandidentata)
20
Willow (Salix sp.)
21
Alternate-leaved dogwood (Cornus alternifolia)
22
Cherry (unspecified) (Prunus sp.)
Seq
sequence number (unique number for each tree; multiple stems of same tree have same sequence)
A positive integer representing the sequence number for the current sample
Tag
tag number (not relevant until 2002 when W6 trees were tagged)
A positive integer tag identifier
0
Either no tag number is present, or the year is before 2002 and data are not yet associated with tag numbers
Dbh
diameter at breast height, in cm
centimeter
.1
real
Vigor
vigor code
0
healthy
1
diseased beech (with beech bark disease)
2
diseased beech with crown in decline
3
sick (trees with crown in decline)
4
standing dead tree
5
standing dead snag (no limbs left)
AbvBmss
aboveground biomass in kilograms estimated for each stem
kilogram
.01
real
BlwBmss
belowground biomass in kilograms estimated for each stem
kilogram
.01
real
TwotoTen
presence (1) or absence (0) of measured trees in the 2 - 10 cm diameter class for that plot (in some years, not all plots were measured)
1
presence
0
absence
10Area
plot area in square meters for plot on which trees >=10 cm dbh were measured
meterSquared
.01
real
0
Area does not apply to the current
sample
TwotoTenArea
plot area in square meters for plot on which trees 2-10 cm dbh were measured
meterSquared
.01
real
0
Area does not apply to the current
sample
square meters, used for measurement of
plot area